Historical sources

Here are some sources related to Bohemia or medieval as general.

Manusriptorium offers digital scan of many historical documents. One of many related to Bohemia is Dalimilova kronika which is illustrated and so priceless for us all who can’t speak any old language :- ) It is dated to early of 14th century though, so cca 100 years before Kingdom Come; Deliverence.

Kutnohorská iluminace shows live in Kutná Hora, which is near (25km) Rataje and was one of the most important town in the kingdom of Bohemia (thankfully to silver mines). Aggain, it is dated to cca 1490, so not 100% precise.

But there is something from that era. Imprisoned king Wenceslaus IV is also known for richfully illustrated (hundreds of pictures) manuscript Bible Václava IV. Link is in Czech, though “Stáhnout” simply means “Download” and it contain only pictures (JPG) in “.rar” without any text. This one is dated to 1390-1400 and so it’s perfectly precise (I know, but common, it’s only 4 years!).

Here’s one example. Notice the shield shapes and that htey don’t have any rim. Also that they are using a bow not a crossbow - I wonder if it was becouse it was supposed to be from old age?

P.S. Sorry for all mistakes, my English ins’t exactly great…

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Bow were never put out of use completely by crossbows. Also, firearms were used by this time too.

Thank you SO MUCH for posting this. I love this kind of thing. This thread and the “Landscapes of Medieval Bohemia” thread make me happy. :smile:

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I so much hope we will have an opportunity to visit Kutná Hora in ACT II or III. In 15th century It was a prosperous town with silver mines right beneath it. Also in 1409 king a decree of Kutná Hora was issued there, which was a major and (quite unfortunate) event in our history. It is also close to area of ACT I, as you mentioned, so it would make sense for games protagonist to visit that place.
All the negotiations of the decree, however, took place on castle Točník, though, which is not that close, but also has an interesting history at this time period. There was so much intrigue going on, I really hope we will see some of it in game.

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That is true, but in Bohemia we hadn’t got neither long warbow nor curved reflex shortbow. Firearms (as far as I know) became common not before Hussites War (1419 - 1434). Also I never saw a picture from Hussites War with a single bow but allways with many crossbows.
Is it possible that 1400 - 1419 could be perhaps the time when bow (as a weapon) became less commmon?

Apart from expertise in arms, as do you imagine the life of a blacksmith and a miller’s daughter in 1400? What stage and what rank did the two? Had they inherited property? Was there (as usual) many siblings?
So what basis has the player to fulfill his mission?

Not sure if someone posted already, but a very good source of information about apperance/abundance of mundane medieval items in CZ is the czech metal detecting finds catalog. Most of the items are dated by experienced members of the site, sometimes even by archeologists.
There are hunderts of items there in various sections. All of them were found in Czech republic. Site is in czech only unfortunately.

http://www.lovecpokladu.cz/artefakty/c/stredovek/

It’s the ‘sometimes by archaeologists’ that scares me.

In the US we call it ‘pot hunting’ it is all kinds of illegal on public lands. (you really don’t want to get caught… they only catch a percentage or perpetrators, so when they get one… it’s often ‘example time’. In parts of the Southwest it’s a full on illegal family business… the illegal removal and sale of artifacts from public lands)

When removing artifacts, amateurs destroy context and scientific data… so they can take a pot sherd or arrow head home and forget about it in a shoebox for the next 5 decades.

Something about amateurs going around with metal detectors really bugs the anthropologist in me. I’d really rather the professionals deal with it. I don’t know what the laws are regarding artifacts in the Czech Republic, but I REALLY don’t want to encourage people to buy metal detectors and loot sites.

Please, PLEASE do not do that. You are destroying scientific data when you do. Cultural resources are non-renewable, when they are gone they are gone and we can learn nothing more from them. That bit of a metal that used to be an arrowhead… is best left in the ground where a qualified scientist can recover it in a proper excavation.

This group could be on the up and up… there are lots of amateur archaeological groups and societies and amateurs regularly participate in digs, site surveys etc… but always under the supervision of trained experts… archaeologists. I don’t know where these guys land on the professional/amateur scale… but… this group could be a very BAD thing for the Czech Republic robbing them of their own history.

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To be honest I expected this kind of reply.

It is an controversial issue (in which I’m biased), and probably not for this topic/forum. However, the relations between archeologists and metal detectorists in Czech republic are nicer than in a lot of other countries US included. None or possibly very very little artifacts from the source I linked come from unauthorized looting of protected sites. Most come from ordinary non-protected fields/arable land, and some also from excavations done under professional archeologic supervision.

Also metal detecting is nothing new in Czech republic. There are about 30 000 active detectorists (that is out of ten million total population). Looting of known important sites (that is illegal in CZ) took place from the early 1990s onwards. Nowadays I believe it is not that big of an issue as illegal digging of famous sites is no longer profitable enough.

Discussion of this topic aside, I believe the link I posted could be used by devs to gain some idea/information about very common household things from the medieval era. Some of these items are even often omited from museum exhibitions, because they are not audience attractive.

Some also under professional supervision tells me…

They are looters. Nice, friendly looters willing to share data… but looters none the less.

If ALL actions were supervised, I’d respect them as a legit organization… your description reeks of ‘pot hunter organization’ to me.

I hope they are more legitimate than they seem.

I really didn’t see this as controversial. What controversy? Under what circumstances could someone possibly argue they have the right to steal artifacts that belong to public? Hey, if it’s your property, you own it. But if it’s public lands… you are stealing from the public. And in the US the laws reflect that. Can you go to a park and steal a picnic table or swing set for your back yard? That would be frowned upon by law enforcement. And that is a cheap, worthless, replaceable table. Not an irreplaceable artifact.

Example, earlier in this thread there was some debate about when the transition from bow to crossbow happened. Well guess what, go out and loot enough arrowheads and bolt heads… and you lose the data of when that transition occurred in that area. Lost forever because the key artifact to date the entry of crossbow bolts was looted… so some jackass can have a trophy on his wall… that he had no right to or ownership of (if removed from public lands)

I’ll drop it after this, not wanting to start a flame war over archaeology… but was shocked by that response… what controversy? The only people I’ve heard defend this… are those family business pothunters that have been doing it for generations… so since granddad did it, they feel they have the right to do it.

I really didn’t see this as a controversial issue at all, and am curious why you would see it as such.

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To clarify, metal detecing is in a gray area of legality in Czech rep. In specially protected areas it is 100% illegal. The thing is that there are sooo many “looters” out there, and no law (even strict one) stops most of them from doing it. Because they know that the risk of being caught in the act is slim. Archeologists in CZ are divided on this issue, but in my opinion the balance is shifting towards more relaxed attitude to metal detectorists.

The reason is that when there are strict laws/attitude you lose all the artifacts, because no digger risks bringing an artifact to the museum for fear of prosecution.

When the laws or archeologists in general are more open to the idea of metal detectoring, some artifacts are going to be brought by diggers to the professionals, at least for documentation. This also makes it possible to educate detectorists on how to handle finds properly, and advise them where they can’t go hunting. Also for some archeologists having hunters on site under supervision is a cheap way of acquiring manpower. This is not possible if you insist on strict prosecution.

I hope my opinion is a bit more understandable now.

Context. The context is destroyed. Bringing that old shoebox of potsherds you collected into an archaeologist… because you feel guilty or something… really does next to no good unless you know how to professionally document an excavation. Context was lost. Finding an artifact as it lay, in situ, in the context of position to other artifacts, the site itself, association with artifacts near it etc… are actually more important than the artifact itself.

I really don’t care if a looter turns in an artifact they stole or not… the damage was already done, the scientific data, the context of the find was lost… unless they really know what they are doing when they document… and looters don’t do that. There are exceptions, some artifacts have value just in their existence or ability to study how they were made etc. But generally, handing that old arrowhead into an archaeologist out of guilt… really did no good other than perhaps letting that person sleep better at night if it was bothering them.

Context is usually more valuable, scientifically, than the artifact itself. And context is destroyed by looters.

So I can’t buy ‘we are losing artifacts anyway… at least this way people aren’t afraid to turn them in’. The lion’s share of scientific data was already lost at that point.

If things are THAT bad in the Czech Republic, I hope those folks pass some laws to protect their history before looters steal it from them. Every day artifacts are walking away. Every day there is something that was destroyed, some bit of info that archaeologists will never know… because of a looter wanting a pretty bauble for his mantle.

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You do not realize that no matter how strict the law is, there is no practical way to enforce it. There are many sites in Bohemia (I’m sure in US too), lots in remote locations. Most already looted to some extent. Under these circumstances, the law won’t stop almost no one from looting.

You lose ALL the artifacts and ALL context. Nobody is going to turn in anything. No items and no information. Ever.

Of course I realize that context is more important. BUT what context do you have on an artifact found on a land that has been plowed for centuries ? The answer is, beside GPS position - almost none. I’m a firm believer that educating amateur hunters is the right way to go. The basic scientific data on an artifact can be collected even by an educated amateur. Then some of these amateurs are going to turn in artifacts along with precious context.

In this case you lose SOME artifacts and SOME context. In my opinion it’s the lesser of two evils.

Anyways, I’m back to playing KC:D alpha. :wink:

I would also love to see Kuttenberg portrayed by the games. There are wonderful opportunities - the mines, the king’s palace and of course the great construction site of Saint Barbara. And perhaps even the ossuary of Sedlec (which was probably just established).

This is frankly the third time I post this on these forums. :smiley: Quite repeating myself.

any informations about family rattay/rataje/rataj ? coat of arms!? :blush:
sorry for repeated questions, again :-/

Feek, believe it or not, despite some slightly different interpretations on how best to deal with it… I do think we are fighting on the same side. We both want the artifacts and scientific data (and context) preserved as best as possible.

And you ARE on to something… amateur archaeologist… under the supervision of a real archaeologist can do a LOT of good. And frankly it’s easy to flip people unless they are died in the wool pot hunters. They are interested in the artifacts and culture… most of the looting of artifacts is… innocent ignorance honestly. People aren’t aware of the damage they do when they remove an artifact from a site. They don’t even consider it theft of public property because they never thought of it that way.

I personally consider this a rather civil discourse and pretty far from the flame war I feared.

I’d be happy to continue the discussion, perhaps we both can learn something from the other’s perspective?

I should declare my own bias… as you declared yours. My stepfather is an archaeologist in a REALLY cool resource area… rather not say where obviously. My own academic background is in anthropology. I was actually taking college anthro courses… starting in Jr. High. By the time I graduated high school, I had most of an anthro major finished. At one point, at the age of 13, I was the youngest person ever certified for site survey and excavation in the history of the archaeological society in the state in which I used to live… I actually don’t know if anyone took my record down, for all I know I still hold it… there were serious requirements including academic credit hours in specific courses, supervision and sign off by an archaeologist etc. Ironically, this all happened when my step father was my teacher before he met my mother. So I have actually been one of those somewhat qualified amateurs working under the supervision of a real archaeologist. Naturally with this academic background, I became a… database developer. lol

It can get a personal for me. My step father has received actual, honest to god death threats. For things like speaking out against pot hunting… or having the audacity to mention evolution in the classroom. (sorry if this offends, but if someone disagree with evolution, may I suggest the Theology department instead of the Anthropology department?) So I have a short fuse on some of these issues for very personal reasons. It actually can’t get much more personal than someone threatening to kill your mother now can it?

So that’s my bias. Thank you for being civil and not pushing those buttons. But it should be pretty clear I quite literally despise pot hunters for not just the ethical reasons… but personal reasons as well. I will ALWAYS actively work against them. Always. Basically pot hunters and I are sworn enemies.

And like I said, clearly we have some disagreement… but I really do think we are both playing for the same team here.

We both want the same thing… just quibbling on how best to go about it is all.

So I say, let’s resume the quibble. What can we learn from each other’s perspective on this?

Civil debate with informed people is FAR too rare these days (and apparently unheard of among politicians). And what fun would it be if everyone always agreed with each other right? Is it possible that between the two of us, we might actually come up with some ideas that might help the situation?

So, here are some information about family of Rataje. King John of Bohemia a ancestor of King Wenceslaus IV of Boheima (both were familymembers of the House of Luxembourg like King Sigismund of Hungary as well) give Rataje as a lehen to his chamberlain and marshal Heinrich I. of Leipa. This was a reconciliation, because his wife Elizabeth had thrown him into prison which causes a war.
The house of Leipa was an inportant noblility during this time. We already know their coat of arms from the game, two crossed birch trees.
Since Čeněk of Leipa in 1385 the lower castle in Rataje is known as Pyrgenstejn, Birkenstein or Pirkstein, because of the tree in the coat of arms. This causes a junction in the family of Leipa, with the new family of Pirkstejn. But still the same coat of arms as house of Leipa.

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